Hyperparameter Tuning with Weights & Biases

Neu.ro allows you to run model training in parallel with different hyperparameter combinations via integration with Weights & Biases. W&B is an experiment tracking tool for deep learning. The ML engineer only needs to initiate the process: prepare the code for training the model, set up the hyperparameter space, and start the search with just one command. Neu.ro is in charge of the rest.

To see this guide in action, check out our recipe in which we apply hyperparemeter tuning with W&B to an image classification task.

Creating a Neu.ro Project

The Neu.ro project template contains an integration with Weights and Biases. To create a new project from a template, you need to follow a couple of steps.

First, Sign up and install the CLI client.

Then, create a project:

neuro project init

This command will then ask you a few simple questions:

project_name \[Neuro Project]: Hyperparameter tuning test
project_slug \[hyperparameter-tuning-test]:
code_directory \[modules]:

Press Enter if you don't want to change the suggested value.

Then, change the working directory:

cd hyperparameter-tuning-test

Connecting Weights & Biases

Now, connect your project with Weights & Biases:

• ​Register your W&B account.

• Find your API key (also called a token) on W&B’s settings page (“API keys” section). It should be a sequence like cf23df2207d99a74fbe169e3eba035e633b65d94.

• Save your API key (token) to a file in your local home directory ~ and add it as a secret to the platform:

export WANDB_SECRET_FILE=wandb-token.txt
echo "cf23df2207d99a74fbe169e3eba035e633b65d94" > ~/$WANDB_SECRET_FILE
neuro secret add wandb-token @~/$WANDB_SECRET_FILE

• Download hypertrain.yml from here to .neuro/hypertrain.yml in your project's directory.

Feel free to refer to the W&B documentation and W&B example projects for instructions on how to use Weights & Biases in your code.

Using Weights & Biases for Hyperparameter Tuning

If you have completed the previous steps, W&B is ready to use. To run hyperparameter tuning for the model, you need to:

• Define the list of hyperparameters (in a config/wandb-sweep.yaml file);

• Send the metrics to W&B after each run (by using the neuro-flow bake hypertrain command).

.neuro/hypertrain.yml and config/wandb-sweep.yaml have links to train.py (you can look at an example here). If you want to run hypertrain for another script, you can change the program property in config/wandb-sweep.yaml (see below). The script must contain the description of the model and the training loop.

The Python script must also receive parameters with the same names as specified in config/wandb-sweep.yaml as arguments of the command line and use them for model training/evaluation. For example, you can use command line parameters such as the argparse Python module.

Here are some additional details:

train.py is a file that contains the model training code. It should log the metrics with W&B - here's an example for our case:

wandb.log({'accuracy': 0.9})

config/wandb-sweep.yaml has the following structure:

program: /project/src/train.py
method: grid
metric:
  name: accuracy01/valid
  goal: maximize
parameters:
  lr:
    values: [0.1, 0.01, 0.001]
  optimizer:
    values: ['sgd', 'adam']
  scheduler:
    values: ['const', 'cosine']

• Line 1: /../train.py is a default path to a file with the model training code.

• Line 2: a method that is used for hyperparameter tuning. For more information, refer to the W&B docs.

• Lines 4, 5: the name of the metric that is supposed to be optimized. The ML engineer can change this metric according to the task.

• Lines 6 -12: hyperparameter settings. The ML engineer should use them in the train.py file. Names, values, and ranges are changeable as well.

The name of the file wandb-sweep.yaml and the path to it can also be modified in .neuro/hypertrain.yml (look for WANDB_SWEEPS_FILE=...within the start_sweep task definition).

Hyperparameter Tuning

Now that you have set up both Neu.ro and W&B and prepared your training script, it’s time to try hyperparameter tuning. To do this, run the following command:

neuro-flow bake hypertrain --param token_secret_name wandb-token

This starts jobs that run the train.py script (or whatever name you have chosen for it) on the platform with different sets of hyperparameters in parallel. By default, just 2 jobs run at the same time. You can change this number by modifying the id list within the worker_... task definition in .neuro/hypertrain.yml:

tasks:
...
  - id: worker_$[[ matrix.id ]]
    image: $[[ images.myimage.ref ]]
    preset: gpu-k80-small-p
    needs: [start_sweep]
    strategy:
      matrix:
        id: [1, 2] # <- e.g., replace with [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

To monitor the hyperparameter tuning process, follow the link provided by W&B at the beginning of the process.

If you want to stop the hyperparameter tuning, terminate all related jobs:

neuro-flow kill hypertrain

After that, verify that the jobs stopped by running neuro-flow ps.